Robot Mower with anti-collision sensor

Technological and designed down to the smallest detail, robot lawn mowers are the ideal tool for anyone who wants to take care of their green space without necessarily having to waste entire weekends. In fact, once programmed, the robot lawn mower will proceed autonomously with cutting the grass. Nowadays, it is possible to programme these robots remotely via an app, even when you are not at home, simply by using your smartphone. In addition, the sensors allow the robotic lawn mowers to detect the shape of the terrain and the best weather conditions for mowing the lawn.

The first question that inevitably arises is: do these devices really work?

The answer is yes, so much so that we have now seen the production of extremely efficient robot lawn mowers that not only avoid cutting the lawn but also make our garden even more welcoming and well-kept than with traditional mowing. While traditional mowing is done approximately every 15 days during the season, requiring the cutting of several centimetres of grass that must then be removed, the robotic lawn mower frequently passes over the lawn, cutting a few millimetres of grass and leaving it on the ground. this decomposes quickly and acts as a natural fertiliser for the entire treated area. The ecological component is also worth highlighting: unlike petrol lawn mowers, robot lawn mowers are quieter than ever and do not pollute at all.

The types of robotic lawn mowers available include:

• Robotic lawn mowers for surfaces of 200-400 s.q. m. Ideal for small gardens, these robots are compact and highly efficient.
• Robotic lawn mowers for surfaces of 500-700 s.q. m. Perfect for medium-sized gardens, they combine effectiveness and optimal space management.
• Robotic lawn mowers for surfaces of 800 - 1100 s.q. m. Suitable for large green areas, they guarantee detailed work on large surfaces.
• Robotic lawn mowers for surfaces of 1200 - 1500 s.q. m. These models are ideal for very large areas where greater power and a battery with extended autonomy are required.
• Robotic lawn mower for surfaces over 1600 s.q. m.

Each robot is designed to offer the best possible experience, combining advanced technology and ease of use, making lawn care not only easier but also more enjoyable.

Robotic lawn mowers are automated devices designed for lawn care and maintenance. They are distinguished by their ability to operate autonomously without the need for continuous human intervention. These devices operate using advanced navigation systems that include detection sensors, GPS or perimeter restrictions via cable, which allow the robot to move within the designated area without exceeding its boundaries. Thanks to its cutting technology, the robot lawn mower cuts the grass evenly and consistently, avoiding stress on the plants and promoting uniform density and healthy colouring of the turf.

The main features of a robotic lawn mower include:

• Autonomy: after initial programming, these robots are capable of mowing the lawn autonomously. They recognise the working area via the perimeter wire or GPS localisation systems and follow paths to cover the entire surface without unnecessary passes. As we will see later, they can manage the cutting area in a random or programmed manner. In the latter case, they can optimise their work by avoiding areas where grass clipping has already occurred.
• Motor types: robots can be equipped with brush or induction (brushless) motors. Brushless motors offer significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency and durability, reducing maintenance requirements and improving the robot's overall performance.
• Battery types: these range from models with lead-acid batteries to those with more advanced technologies such as Ni-MH, Li-ion and Li-Po. Li-ion and Li-Po batteries are particularly popular due to their light weight, ability to hold a charge for longer and fast charging times.
• Ability to handle different slopes: many robots are designed to operate effectively even on sloping terrain, an important feature for gardens with variations in altitude.
• Connectivity: some advanced models offer wireless connectivity via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or GSM/GPS, allowing users to interact with the device via smartphone or other digital devices, programming operations remotely and monitoring the status of the robot.

Robotic lawn mowers offer numerous advantages over traditional methods of cutting grass. Here are the main benefits:

• Operational autonomy: once programmed, robot lawn mowers work completely autonomously, saving time and effort. There is no need to physically push or guide the device while mowing the lawn, allowing the owner to devote themselves to other activities.
• Energy efficiency: the motors, especially brushless ones, are designed to consume less energy than traditional brushed motors. This not only reduces energy costs but also contributes to environmental sustainability.
• Optimal lawn maintenance: frequent and regular mowing keeps the grass in optimal condition, promoting uniform growth and preventing weed infestation. More frequent and less invasive mowing stimulates the density and robustness of the turf.
• Quietness: Compared to traditional lawn mower motors, robots are significantly quieter. This allows you to schedule mowing at different times, even in the evening or early morning, without disturbing your neighbours.
• Improved safety: equipped with sensors that detect obstacles, lifting or excessive inclines, robotic lawn mowers ensure safe operation. In the event of lifting, for example, the blades stop automatically to prevent accidents.
• Lower environmental impact: the absence of discharge emissions makes them environmentally friendly, in contrast to lawn mowers that emit pollutants.
• Natural fertilisation: the mulching technique, common in most robotic lawn mowers, finely chops the grass clipping, which is left on the lawn as natural fertiliser. This enriches the soil and keeps the grass greener and healthier.

When comparing robotic lawn mowers with other cutting systems, the advantages are clear not only in terms of convenience and sustainability, but also in the quality of the result achieved.

Each type of robot is designed to work on different sized surfaces and has unique features that optimise its efficiency and practicality.

• Robot lawn mower for surfaces of 200-400 s.q. m. Ideal for small gardens. Compact and agile, they are easy to manoeuvre even in confined spaces.
• Robot lawn mower for surfaces of 500-700 s.q. m. Perfect for medium-sized gardens. They effectively balance power and size to cover larger areas without sacrificing manoeuvrability.
• Robot lawn mower for surfaces of 800 - 1100 s.q. m. Suitable for large residential gardens. Equipped with more powerful battery-powered systems and advanced navigation systems to manage large spaces.
• Robot lawn mower for surfaces of 1200 - 1500 s.q. m and over 1600 s.q. m. Ideal for very large spaces such as communal green areas or sports fields. Sturdy and equipped with top-of-the-range technology to ensure a uniform cut on large lawns.

We can further classify robotic lawn mowers according to their operating mode:

• Automatic robotic lawn mowers: They return autonomously to the base to recharge and resume work where it was interrupted without the need for human intervention.
• Semi-automatic robotic lawn mowers: These require the user to return them to the charging station manually, offering a more economical option with some compromise on convenience.

Robot lawn mowers are divided into a series of technical features that determine their efficiency, durability, and adaptability to different environments and surfaces. Below, we suggest how to best use the filters to quickly and effectively select based on technical features.

The main classification is based on the maximum coverage surface, which expresses the area of lawn that the robot lawn mower will be able to cut in optimal conditions (areas with little slope, regular surfaces and lawns with simple geometry).

Specified for each model, it varies from 200 s.q. m to over 1600 s.q. m. It determines the robot's ability to effectively cover the lawn without the need for frequent recharging.

This filter allows you to choose models with brush or induction (brushless) motors. Brushless motors are much more durable and efficient than brush motors.

• Brush motor: More common in economical models, it is less expensive but requires more maintenance.
• Induction (brushless) motor: Offers greater energy efficiency and durability with less maintenance and better performance.

• Lead-acid: This is the oldest type of battery-powered, commonly used in cars, motorcycles and 6, 12 or 24V equipment. Less expensive but heavier and with a shorter lifespan.
• Ni-MH (nickel-metal hydride): can have two or three times the capacity of a Ni-Cd battery of the same size and the memory effect is less significant.
• Li-ion - lithium-ion: battery with one of the best weight/power ratios, no memory effect and slow charge loss when not in use.
• Li-ion+ - lithium-ion: new technology that allows the Li-ion battery-powered device to be charged only once a year without losing charge capacity.
• Li-Po - lithium polymer: a technological development of the Li-ion battery, it is non-flammable and therefore less dangerous if damaged.

Indicates the robot's ability to work on sloping surfaces. Advanced models can handle significant slopes, making them suitable even for gardens with uneven terrain. This is something to consider if the ground has steep slopes. In fact, a slope greater than that which can be handled by the robot lawn mower will require the purchase of a product with adequate traction.

Robotic lawn mowers can often be programmed and managed via an app or Alexa. It is therefore important to choose a robotic lawn mower based on the available connections:

• Bluetooth and Wi-Fi: These allow programming and remote control via smartphone or tablet.
• GSM/GPS: Useful for geolocation and advanced monitoring, including the ability to track the robot in case of theft.

• Random programming: Common in basic models, where the robot follows non-predetermined paths.
• Satellite triangulation: Found in more advanced models, this technology allows the robot to map the garden and follow cutting paths optimised for energy efficiency and complete coverage.

Most robotic lawn mowers require the prior installation of a perimeter wire and a parking base in order to operate. The perimeter wire is a cable that can be laid on the lawn, securing it with pegs - usually supplied - or burying it slightly with special tools. The purpose of this wire is to delimit the perimeter of the robot lawn mower's activity, keeping it away from the most critical areas and guiding it to the charging station when the battery runs low. Thanks to this system, on its first pass, the robotic lawn mower will map the area using artificial intelligence, making grass cutting even more efficient.

There are also robots without perimeter wires that do not require any installation. This filter therefore allows you to quickly choose between these two types of robots. The market is also preparing for the lance of high-tech robotic lawn mowers equipped with sensors that allow them to automatically recognise the presence of grass, as well as models with infrared systems that enable artificial intelligence to map the working area in detail.

• Obstacle recognition sensors: These prevent the robot from colliding with fixed or moving objects, increasing safety and reducing the risk of damage to both the robot and its surroundings.
• Lift and rain sensors: These sensors protect the robot and the lawn under various weather conditions. The lift sensor immediately stops the blades from operating if the robot is lifted or turned upside down, ensuring safety.
• Anti-theft and GPS with RTK technology: The anti-theft function includes alarm systems and GPS tracking. RTK (Real Time Kinematic) technology improves GPS accuracy, allowing the robot to operate with an accuracy of up to 2 cm. The antenna required for this technology must be positioned optimally, generally at a high point with no obstacles nearby, to maximise satellite signal reception.

Advanced robots can create a detailed map of the lawn, which includes recording the different cutting areas. This allows for customised and more efficient management, adapting the robot's operations to the specific characteristics of the garden. Mapping is particularly useful for gardens with different areas that have unique cutting requirements, such as areas with taller grass or particularly wet areas.

This feature allows users to set specific working times for the robot and select particular areas of the garden where the robot should operate. This is particularly useful for maintaining control over how and when the lawn is cared for, optimising the use of the robot according to daily and seasonal needs.

Most modern robotic lawn mowers can be controlled and monitored via dedicated apps. These apps allow users to change the robot's settings, schedule mowing and monitor the robot's status and location in real time. The apps also offer the possibility of receiving software updates that can improve the robot's functionality over time.

When considering the purchase of a robot lawn mower, it is essential to assess your specific needs, which can vary significantly between professional or industrial use and domestic or hobbyist use. This distinction affects not only the choice of model, but also the features that may be necessary to achieve the best results. Here's how to differentiate between the use of robot lawn mowers in these two areas:

• Surface requirements: Robotic lawn mowers intended for professional use must cover much larger areas. Therefore, models with greater battery capacity and a larger maximum working area are preferable.
• Durability and power: For intensive use, it is crucial to choose robots with high-quality components and powerful engines that can handle complex terrain and operate for extended periods.
• Advanced features: Features such as advanced programming, sophisticated GPS navigation systems and the ability to handle steep slopes are particularly useful in professional settings.

• Ease of use: For domestic users, it is essential that the robot is easy to programme and manage, ideally via an intuitive mobile app.
• Maintenance and support: Models designed for home use tend to require less regular maintenance, and customer support should be easily accessible for any support needed.
• Energy efficiency and quietness: Homeowners will likely prefer quieter, more energy-efficient robots to minimise disruption and reduce operating costs.

When deciding to purchase a robot lawn mower, it is important to consider a number of factors to ensure you choose the model that best suits your needs.

Below is a quick guide to buying a robot lawn mower, to help you find the model that best suits your needs in a few simple steps. We have a wide range of robotic lawn mowers at affordable prices, undoubtedly the most varied selection of brands and product types available online.

Here are some practical and technical tips for selecting the ideal robot:

• Assess the size of your lawn: Determine the total area of the lawn that the robot will need to cover. This will help you choose a model with the battery-powered capacity and coverage to handle the entire area without the need for frequent recharging.
• Terrain type: Consider the complexity of the terrain, including the presence of slopes, obstacles or narrow areas that may require superior manoeuvrability or specific navigation technologies.
• Key technical features: Examine technical specifications such as motor type, battery capacity and connectivity options. A brushless motor and long-life battery are recommended for better performance and less maintenance.
• Programming and control functions: Check whether the robot offers flexible programming options and whether it can be controlled via a mobile application. The ability to programme specific mowing times and monitor the robot remotely can offer a significant advantage.
• Safety systems and integrated sensors: Ensure that the robot is equipped with safety systems such as lift and rain sensors, which protect both the robot and the working environment.
• After-sales service and warranty: Consider the manufacturer's reputation for customer service and the availability of spare parts. A good warranty policy and reliable customer service are essential to ensure the longevity and effectiveness of the robot.
• User reviews and opinions: Reading reviews and testimonials from other users can provide valuable insight into the performance and reliability of various models in real-world conditions.

When choosing to purchase a robot lawn mower, it is also important to consider the brand, as each manufacturer offers unique features and specific advantages. Here is a list of the main brands of robot lawn mowers that you can find on AgriEuro:

• Ambrogio Robot lawn mower: manufactured by Zucchetti - Centro Sistemi, these robot lawn mowers are of the highest technological and construction quality. This brand offers models with innovative features, such as robot lawn mowers that operate without a perimeter wire. These machines are ready to use straight away and do not require any installation. Thanks to its sophisticated technology, this robot lawn mower is able to recognise and avoid obstacles or recognise and avoid paved or concrete surfaces. It is worth noting that Ambrogio Robot lawn mower products are made in Italy: they feature brushless motors, lithium batteries, durable and reliable materials designed to last, and an attractive, refined design.
• Gardena robot lawn mowers: these machines are designed to mow the lawn perfectly and completely autonomously: once started, the robot lawn mower will mow the lawn and recharge itself by returning to the base autonomously. SILENO models can be programmed via Bluetooth or fully connected to the GARDENA smart system: depending on the Gardena robot lawn mower chosen, you can use the GARDENA Bluetooth® app or the GARDENA smart app. In addition, these models can climb slopes with a maximum gradient of 30% and are capable of cutting surfaces of up to 1250 square metres in the case of the top-of-the-range model.
• Worx Landroid robotic lawn mowers: the Landroid models presented here differ from the most common automatic lawn mowers on the market because they are able to mow the entire lawn with fewer changes of direction, greater efficiency, less time and battery-powered savings. They stand out from all other robot lawn mowers because they can calculate the angle of rebound, thus avoiding unnecessary manoeuvres and immediately finding a clear path to continue mowing. Safe, quiet and completely maintenance-free, these products are immediately ready for use, with no need for human programming. The top models are equipped with remote control via Wi-Fi, a PIN control interface and can mow very large surfaces of up to 2000 square metres. All of them can climb slopes of up to 35% (20°) and, when the battery-powered level is low, they automatically return to the charging base.
• Yard Force robot lawn mowers: With a focus on power and efficiency, Yard Force manufactures robot lawn mowers that are ideal for larger and more complex surfaces. They are particularly sturdy and equipped with features that ensure effective cutting even in challenging lawn conditions.
• Robomow robotic lawn mowers: Robomow robotic lawn mowers are durable, reliable and easy to use. The RK series models are capable of creating a lawn suitable for any occasion. Their cutting capacity to cut right up to the edge and a patented cutting system ensure that the lawn always looks its best. In September 2018, Robomow became the first supplier on the market to offer robotic lawn mowers that respond to Amazon Alexa voice control. In addition to start and stop, voice control offers a wide range of command options for future models. Using Alexa, the robotic lawn mower can be asked for information about its last mowing job, where it is, what it is doing and when it plans to mow again.
• Stiga automatic robotic lawn mowers: A long-established brand in the lawn care industry, Stiga offers robotic lawn mowers that combine traditional design with modern technology. They are valued for their durability and consistent performance, suitable for both domestic and professional use.
• Wiper robotic lawn mowers: Wiper stands out for its high-tech robotic lawn mowers that offer innovative solutions such as advanced GPS control and intelligent programming. They are ideal for those looking for a highly customisable and technologically advanced robot.

Choosing AgriEuro for your robot lawn mower purchase offers numerous advantages that make this e-commerce site the preferred choice for both amateur and professional gardeners. Here are the main reasons why it is worth buying from AgriEuro:

• Wide selection of products: AgriEuro offers a wide range of robotic lawn mowers from the best brands, ensuring that every customer can find the model that best suits their specific needs, both in terms of lawn size and technical features.
• Fast and free shipping: All orders benefit from fast shipping at no extra cost, ensuring that your new robotic lawn mower arrives directly at your doorstep quickly and without complications.
• Availability of spare parts: The constant availability of spare parts is essential to ensure the longevity and efficiency of your robot. AgriEuro maintains a well-stocked inventory of spare parts, ensuring that you can easily get what you need to keep your device in optimal condition.
• Attentive and personalised after-sales service: AgriEuro stands out for its excellent customer service, offering personalised after-sales support. If you have any questions or need assistance with your robotic lawn mower, the AgriEuro team is ready to help you with professionalism and expertise.
• Ease of use and secure shopping: The AgriEuro website is intuitive and secure, making the process of selecting and purchasing a robotic lawn mower extremely simple and reliable. You can easily browse through the different categories, read detailed product descriptions and see reviews from other users to make an informed choice.

If you are considering purchasing a robotic lawn mower, AgriEuro is the ideal choice to get the most out of your investment.

The price of a robotic lawn mower can vary greatly depending on its features, cutting capacity and brand. Basic models generally start at around €400 and can go up to over €3,000 for high-end models equipped with advanced features such as GPS navigation, app control and the ability to handle large areas and complex terrain.

The price can vary so much because it is influenced by these factors:

• Coverage capacity: Models designed for larger surfaces tend to have higher prices.
• Technology: Robots equipped with advanced technology such as GPS navigation systems and obstacle avoidance sensors cost more.
• Brand: Renowned brands such as Husqvarna, Ambrogio and Robomow often have higher prices due to their guaranteed quality and additional features.

The energy consumption of a robot lawn mower is an important factor in assessing both the environmental impact and the operating cost of the unit. Generally, robot lawn mowers are designed to be efficient and consume less energy than a traditional petrol lawn mower.

The consumption of a robotic lawn mower varies depending on the size of the model and the complexity of the terrain to be managed: there is therefore no single figure. Traditional lawn mowers can consume significantly more energy, with a higher environmental impact due to gas emissions. In particular, when it comes to consumption, the following factors should be taken into account:

• Size of the cutting area: A larger area will require more energy to complete the cut.
• Terrain complexity: Terrain with many obstacles or slopes requires more energy to navigate and cut effectively.
• Battery efficiency: Newer battery technologies, such as lithium-ion, are more efficient and offer better energy management.

The battery life of an electric robot lawn mower is a crucial factor in determining how long the device can operate before needing to be recharged. Choosing a robot lawn mower with an adequate battery is essential to ensure efficient lawn maintenance without frequent interruptions for recharging.

Battery life varies depending on the model and brand of the robot, as well as the capacity of the battery itself and the conditions of use. The factors that most impact battery life are undoubtedly the following:

• Lawn size and topography: Larger areas or areas with significant slopes require more energy, reducing the battery life per mowing cycle.
• Frequency of use: Frequent use can affect the overall life of the battery-powered system as Li-ion batteries tend to degrade after a certain number of charge cycles.
• Battery capacity: The most common battery-powered lawn mowers are lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, known for their light weight and ability to hold a charge longer than other technologies. Capacity is measured in ampere hours (Ah) and directly affects battery life. The more Ah the battery has, the longer its life will be.

the following aspects should also be considered:

• Average runtime: Most robotic lawn mowers can operate for around 60-70 minutes on a single charge. However, more advanced models can offer up to 120 minutes of operation.
• Charging time: As a rule, a robotic lawn mower takes between 60 minutes and 2 hours to fully charge, depending on the model.

Generally, robot lawn mowers are designed for a long service life, with many models capable of operating for several seasons without significant problems.

We can say that the average lifespan of a robotic lawn mower can be up to 10 years. However, we have also made the following distinction:

• Motor and electronic components: These can last from 5 to 10 years depending on the model and use.
• Battery-powered: The battery-powered lawn mower of a robotic lawn mower typically has a lifespan of 3 to 5 years, but this can depend on the frequency of use and the quality of the battery itself.

We would also like to point out that replacing consumable parts such as blades and batteries can significantly extend the useful life of the robot, making it a long-lasting investment for lawn care.

Robotic lawn mowers are designed to keep your lawn in optimal condition by mowing frequently and regularly. That said, the frequency of mowing with a robotic lawn mower depends on various factors, the main ones of which are summarised below:

• Type of grass: Different varieties of grass may require different mowing frequencies. For example, some types of grass grow faster and may need to be mowed more frequently.
• Lawn growth: During the warmer months, when grass tends to grow more quickly, you may need to programme the robot for more frequent mowing.
• Customisable settings: Many robotic lawn mowers allow you to set the desired mowing frequency via an app or control panel on the device.

It should also be noted that robotic lawn mowers are designed for 'little and often' mowing, which promotes a denser, healthier lawn and reduces stress on the plants. This approach also helps to improve disease resistance and maintain a pleasant appearance of the lawn throughout the year.

With that said, we can summarise the recommended cutting frequencies as follows:

• High season: During spring and summer, it may be advisable to programme the robot to mow the lawn every 2-3 days to keep the grass short and healthy.
• In low season: In autumn and winter, the mowing frequency can be reduced to once a week or less, depending on grass growth.

Deciding when to stop a robotic lawn mower is important for optimal lawn care and to ensure the longevity of the device itself. The factors that influence this decision are as follows:

• Weather conditions: It is advisable to stop the robot lawn mower in heavy rain or during frost to avoid damage to both the lawn and the robot itself.
• Season: At the end of the growing season, usually in autumn, the robot can be stopped once grass growth slows down.
• Maintenance: Scheduling regular breaks for robot maintenance can help extend its life and ensure optimal performance.

Replacing the blades on your robot lawn mower is essential for maintaining an effective and precise cut. Blunt blades can tear the grass rather than cut it cleanly, which can lead to an unhealthy lawn and an increased risk of disease.

It is usually time to replace the blades of your robotic lawn mower when you notice the following "signs":

• Appearance of the cut: If the grass appears torn rather than cleanly cut, it may be time to replace the blades.
• Noise: An increase in noise during cutting may indicate that the blades have become dull and are not cutting effectively.
• Maintenance schedule: Many manufacturers recommend regular intervals for blade replacement, which can range from every two months to once a year depending on usage.

We have also compiled some useful tips on blade replacement:

• Consult the manual: Check the user manual for the manufacturer's specific recommendations regarding blade replacement frequency.
• Use original blades: It is advisable to use original or manufacturer-approved spare blades to ensure compatibility and optimal performance.
• Safety: Ensure that the robot is switched off and disconnected from the charging base before replacing the blades to avoid accidents.

Regular cleaning of the robotic lawn mower is essential to maintain its efficiency and prolong its life. Accumulations of dirt and grass clippings can reduce cutting efficiency and increase the risk of breakdowns.

Here are some steps for proper cleaning:

• Deactivation: Ensure that the robot is switched off and disconnected from the charging base before starting cleaning to ensure safety.
• Removing grass and debris: Use a soft brush or cloth to remove grass and debris accumulated on the cutting blade and inside the cutting mechanism.
• Cleaning the outer shell: Clean the outer shell of the robot with a damp cloth to remove dirt. Avoid using aggressive detergents that could damage the surface.
• Regular checks: Check and clean the sensors and wheels regularly, as dirt build-up can affect the robot's navigation and movement.

Here are some recommendations for cleaning these devices:

• After each use: It is good practice to remove any grass clippings and dirt each time the robot has completed a mowing cycle.
• Thorough cleaning: At least once a month, perform a more thorough cleaning to ensure that there is no debris build-up that could prevent the robot from functioning normally.

In general, both early morning and evening are suitable times for mowing the lawn, provided that the grass is dry and temperatures are moderate.

What are the advantages of mowing in the morning?

• Less stress on the grass: Mowing in the morning allows the grass to heal during the day, when photosynthesis is most active, reducing stress and improving growth.
• Energy efficiency: Robotic lawn mowers can operate more efficiently in cooler conditions, reducing battery overload and improving overall performance.

What are the advantages of cutting in the evening?

• Night-time recovery: Mowing in the evening allows the grass to be recovered overnight, minimising exposure to disease and sun stress.
• Flexibility: Mowing in the evening may be more convenient for those who work during the day, allowing the robot to operate without interfering with daily activities.

When is it not advisable to mow the lawn?

• Condensation and dew: Avoid mowing when the grass is wet, such as in the early morning when dew is present. Wet grass can cause clumping in the cutting mechanisms and reduce mowing efficiency.
• Heat of the day: Mowing during the cooler hours of the day, such as early morning or evening, can prevent thermal stress on plants caused by high afternoon temperatures.

Robot lawn mowers designed to handle steep slopes are equipped with advanced technologies that allow them to operate effectively even on sloping terrain, ensuring a uniform and safe cut without the risk of tipping over or damaging the device.

While most robotic lawn mowers can handle slopes ranging from 20% to 35%, some specialised models can tackle slopes of up to 70% (approximately 35 degrees), ideal for hilly gardens or those with significant elevation changes.

Below we have summarised their main technical features:

• Traction and wheels: These robots are equipped with wheels with greater traction and often with more grippy rubber treads to maintain stability on steep surfaces.
• Balancing systems: Some models include balancing systems that help the robot remain stable on slopes by dynamically adjusting weight distribution.
• Gyroscopes and tilt sensors: To navigate effectively on sloping terrain, these robots use gyroscopes and tilt sensors that detect the degree of slope, adjusting the path and cutting speed.

The perimeter wire, also known as the boundary wire, is an essential element in the operation of robot lawn mowers. This component acts as an electronic guide for the robot lawn mower, delimiting the specific area in which the device can operate and cut the grass.

The cable is laid along the perimeter of the lawn and secured to the ground with pegs. It can be buried a few centimetres deep to hide it from view and protect it from damage. A weak electrical signal, generated by a base station, runs through the cable, which the robot recognises and uses as a reference to avoid crossing the defined boundaries.

The perimeter wire serves to:

• Delimitation: It prevents the robot from leaving the designated mowing area, ensuring that only the grass within the defined area is mowed.
• Protective: Prevents the robot from entering potentially dangerous areas such as flower beds, vegetable gardens or near waterways.
• Guidance: Helps the robot find its charging base, guiding it along a predefined path when necessary.

For correct installation of the perimeter wire, follow these steps:

• Planning the route: Before laying the wire, it is important to plan the route that the wire will follow around the perimeter of the garden and around any obstacles such as trees or flower beds.
• Wire positioning: The wire can be laid directly on the ground or slightly buried. Burying the wire to a depth of about 3-5 centimetres is generally sufficient to protect it without compromising the signal's ability to guide the robot. For installation above ground, use the pegs provided to secure the wire every few metres, ensuring that it is taut and free of loops.
• Burying the wire: If you prefer a neater and less visible installation, the wire can be buried to a depth of approximately 5 centimetres. This protects the wire from wear and tear and hides it from view.
• Ensure that the wire is securely fastened and positioned correctly: This is essential to prevent the robotic lawn mower from leaving the designated area or damaging the wire while mowing. Accurate installation ensures optimal robot performance and effective lawn maintenance.

Robot lawn mowers without perimeter wires allow you to mow the lawn without having to install a perimeter wire around the garden.

These robots use built-in navigation systems to determine the boundaries of the lawn and navigate efficiently. In particular, they can exploit the following operating principles:

• GPS and sensors: Many cordless perimeter robots are equipped with GPS and location sensors that map the work area during the first few cutting cycles. This data is used to create a virtual model of the garden that the robot will follow in subsequent sessions. The accuracy of the GPS system may vary depending on weather conditions and other environmental factors, which could affect the robot's ability to maintain the lawn boundaries.
• Mapping technology: Some models use advanced algorithms to detect the natural boundaries of the lawn, such as flower beds, paths and other obstacles, without the need for a physical cable.

These models have significant advantages over those with perimeter wire. We have listed the main ones below:

• Simpler installation: Since there is no need to install a perimeter wire, the initial configuration of the robot is quicker and less invasive for the garden.
• Flexibility: It is easier to change the robot's working area without having to reposition a physical cable.
• Aesthetics: The absence of visible wires maintains the natural appearance of the garden.

Generally, cordless robot lawn mowers are more expensive than traditional models due to the advanced technology used.

The correct positioning of the robot lawn mower's charging base is essential to ensure that the robot can easily return to recharge and resume work without interruption.

Charging stations provide power to the robotic lawn mower and act as a starting and finishing point. They emit a kind of guidance signal that helps the robot find its way back to the charging base. They often include a cover to protect the robot and the base from the elements.

To position it correctly, we recommend considering the following factors:

• Flat and stable surface: The charging base must be placed on a flat surface to ensure secure contact between the robot and the charging connectors.
• Free space: There must be sufficient space in front of and to the sides of the base to allow the robot to align itself correctly and park without obstacles.
• Close to a power outlet: The base must be close to a power outlet so that it can be easily powered.
• Shaded area: Place the base in a shaded area to protect the robot and battery from overheating during charging.

We also add these useful tips for positioning:

• Robot access: Ensure that the robot can easily reach the base from all areas of the lawn.
• Return path: Avoid placing the base in areas with steep slopes or obstacles that could complicate the robot's return.
• Visibility: Place the base in a visible and easily accessible area to facilitate maintenance and monitoring.

The batteries used in robotic lawn mowers vary mainly in terms of technology, capacity, and lifespan. Here are the main types:

• Lead-acid battery-powered systems: These are inexpensive compared to other technologies and available in many capacity configurations, making them accessible and adaptable to various uses. However, they also have some significant disadvantages. They are heavy and bulky, requiring more space for installation. In addition, charging times are long and these batteries are subject to the memory effect, which progressively reduces their capacity over time. As a result, they require regular maintenance to maintain efficiency. The lifespan of lead-acid batteries is generally shorter, with a gradual reduction in capacity over their lifetime. These batteries require regular recharging even during periods of non-use to prevent them from completely discharging, thus preserving their functionality.
• Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery: These are lightweight and compact, with fast charging time and high energy density that ensures long operating life. Thanks to their resistance to the memory effect, they suffer minimal capacity loss over time. However, they are expensive compared to lead-acid batteries and require protective circuits to prevent overheating and overcharging. Lithium-ion batteries have a longer life than lead-acid battery-powered systems, with capacity remaining optimal for many recharge cycles. They require careful charging management, preferably with the specific battery charger supplied by the manufacturer.
• Lithium polymer (Li-Po) batteries: These are even lighter and more flexible in shape than Li-ion batteries, with very fast charging time and high energy efficiency. They also offer greater safety in the event of physical damage due to the reduced flammability of the polymers used. However, they also have some disadvantages. They are expensive and require careful handling and advanced protective systems. The life of a Li-Po battery-powered device is comparable to that of a Li-ion battery-powered device, with capacity remaining optimal for many recharge cycles. These battery-powered devices require care during charging and storage, preferably in a cool, dry environment to preserve their efficiency.

We can also classify battery-powered devices according to their capacity. In this sense, we have battery-powered devices with:

• Lower capacity (up to 2 Ah): Suitable for small gardens with short operating times and frequent recharging.
• Medium capacity (2 Ah to 5 Ah): Suitable for medium-sized gardens, ensuring good autonomy with moderate charging times.
• High capacity (over 5 Ah): Suitable for large gardens and complex terrain, offering long operating times with less frequent recharging.

Modern robotic lawn mowers are equipped with numerous remote control features that enhance the user experience, ensuring efficient and flexible management of the device. Here are the main ones:

• Control via mobile app: Allows you to start, stop, and programme the robot remotely, provides a view of the lawn map and the robot's path, and provides data on activities performed and areas covered. However, it requires a stable internet connection to function properly. Remote control operations do not significantly affect the robot's battery-powered life, but require regular recharging of the mobile device used.
• Voice assistant integration: Allows you to control the robot with voice commands using devices such as Amazon Alexa or Google Assistant, making it easier for people with reduced mobility to use the robot. However, it may require complex initial configuration. This integration does not have a significant impact on the robot's battery life.
• Real-time notifications and monitoring: Sends push notifications to report problems, job completion or maintenance needs, and allows you to monitor the robot's status and location in real time. However, this feature depends on the connectivity of the mobile device to receive timely notifications. Notifications do not affect the robot's battery, but may consume the mobile device's battery.
• Activity scheduling: Activity scheduling offers numerous advantages. It allows you to set specific times and days for the robot to operate, making it easier to manage gardens with different mowing needs. However, it requires careful planning to avoid overlap or missed coverage. Scheduling optimises battery use, reducing energy waste.
• Diagnostics and software updates offer important advantages. They allow remote diagnostics to identify and resolve problems, while software updates improve performance and add new features. However, they require a stable internet connection. Software updates can be performed while the robot is in battery charger mode, without affecting battery-powered performance during mowing operations.

Modern robotic lawn mowers offer various connectivity options that enable advanced management, real-time monitoring and integration with other smart devices. Here are the main ones:

• Wi-Fi: Allows you to control the robot from anywhere with internet access, facilitates software updates and real-time notifications, and supports advanced features via mobile apps. Requires a stable internet connection and adequate Wi-Fi coverage in the garden. Using Wi-Fi does not significantly affect the robot's battery-powered life.
• Bluetooth: Easy to set up and use for short-range control, ideal for initial setups and software updates, and consumes little energy. However, it is limited to a range of a few metres, so it is not suitable for remote control. It consumes less energy than Wi-Fi, extending battery-powered life during use.
• GSM/4G: Allows control and monitoring of the robot from anywhere with mobile network coverage, ideal for large or complex gardens. Supports real-time notifications and remote diagnostics. However, it requires a mobile data subscription, which may incur additional costs, and consumes more power than other connectivity options.
• RF (Radio Frequency) technology: Allows for a stable connection in medium-sized gardens without relying on Wi-Fi or mobile networks, is resistant to interference and reliable in variable signal conditions. However, it has a limited range compared to Wi-Fi and GSM/4G. It consumes little energy, extending the robot's operating time.
• Smart home integration: Allows the robot to connect to home automation systems such as Amazon Alexa, Google Home and Apple HomeKit, enabling voice control and automation of mowing operations and facilitating centralised management of all smart devices in the home. However, it requires complex initial configuration. This integration does not directly affect the robot's battery-powered life.